Liver function test (LFT): what it checks and what the values mean
Medically reviewed by Dr. N. S. Santosh Varma, MBBS, FIM, FIDM, FICCM · Reg. APMC/FMR 112686 · Updated 5 Oct 2026
A liver function test (LFT) is a group of blood tests that show how well your liver is working. It measures liver enzymes (SGPT/ALT, SGOT/AST, ALP, GGT), bilirubin and proteins (albumin and globulin). Doctors use it to look for liver inflammation or damage, for example from fatty liver, infections, alcohol or medicines. YIRA's checkup reports 12 liver values.
- SampleBlood
- FastingAs advised by the lab
- Parameters12 in YIRA's checkup
- WhereHome collection
What the Liver function test measures
The liver profile in the YIRA checkup reports 12 values.
Liver enzymes
- SGPT (ALT)
- SGOT (AST)
- SGOT / SGPT Ratio
- Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)
- Gamma GT (GGT)
Bilirubin
- Bilirubin Total
- Bilirubin Direct
- Bilirubin Indirect
Proteins
- Protein Total
- Albumin
- Globulin
- Albumin / Globulin Ratio
Why doctors ask for it
- Routine yearly checkup
- Symptoms such as yellow eyes or skin, dark urine, tiredness or loss of appetite
- Regular alcohol use or suspected fatty liver
- Monitoring long-term medicines that can affect the liver
- Diabetes or excess weight
How to prepare
- Follow the lab's instructions. In YIRA's full checkup the sample is taken after the fast needed for the lipid profile, usually 10 to 12 hours.
- Avoid alcohol for at least a day before the test.
- Tell the collector about any medicines or supplements you take.
Understanding your report
Each value on your report is printed next to the lab's reference range. A value outside the range is marked high or low. One out-of-range value does not always mean a problem: results can change with recent illness, food, medicines or hydration. Your doctor reads the values together with your health history and may repeat the test or ask for more. Every YIRA plan includes a doctor consultation to go through your report.
70-test checkup at home, from ₹999 a year for the family
Essential ₹999 (up to 4 people) · Complete ₹1,299 (up to 8 people, with ₹5 lakh accident cover). Doctor consultation, dental and eye check-ups included. Pay after sample collection.
Frequently asked questions
What is SGPT and SGOT in a liver test?
SGPT (ALT) and SGOT (AST) are enzymes found mainly in liver cells. When liver cells are irritated or damaged, more of these enzymes can leak into the blood. Raised levels are a signal for your doctor to look further.
Is fasting required for a liver function test?
Some labs advise a few hours of fasting. In YIRA's 70-test checkup the sample is collected after the fast needed for the lipid profile, so you only need to follow one set of instructions.
Can a liver function test detect fatty liver?
An LFT can show signs that the liver is under stress, which can happen in fatty liver, but it cannot confirm fatty liver on its own. Doctors often use an ultrasound and your history as well.
Can I get an LFT test at home?
Yes. The liver profile is part of the 70-test checkup in every YIRA Family Health Plan, with home sample collection. Plans start at ₹999 a year for up to 4 people.
Related
Medically reviewed by Dr. N. S. Santosh Varma (MBBS, FIM, FIDM, FICCM; APMC/FMR 112686). Prepared by the YIRA health team · Last updated 1 October 2026. This page is general health information, not medical advice or a diagnosis. Reference ranges differ between labs; always discuss your results with a doctor. In an emergency, call 108 or go to the nearest hospital.